NexBio, Inc. announced the publication "DAS181 Inhibits H5N1 Influenza Lung Virus Infection of Human Lung Tissues" in the September, 2009 issue of the journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (AAC).
DAS181 (Fludase((R))) is an investigational drug candidate in clinical development for Influenza-Like Illness. Unlike neuraminidase inhibitors (e.g. Tamiflu((R))), which target the virus, DAS181 works by inactivating the human host receptor for all influenza and para-influenza viruses tested so far including the current pandemic Novel H1N1 strain ("Swine Flu"). Previous preclinical studies conducted in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have shown DAS181 to have significant prophylactic and therapeutic activity in an in vivo animal model for a highly virulent H5N1 (A/VN/1203/04) strain of influenza. The current published study, conducted in collaboration with the University of Hong Kong, examined for the first time the effects of DAS181 in human lung tissue and cells. DAS181 strongly inhibited H5N1 (A/VN/3046/2004) infection in human lung tissue and cells. The study also demonstrated that DAS181 effectively removes the two types of sialic acid (Sia) receptors to which influenza virus binds, thereby preventing both the invasion by virus into new cells and further replication where infection already exists.
The human lung tissue and cells described have been critical models for understanding the clinical pathogenesis of influenza, as people contain two types of receptors for influenza. While H5N1 preferentially binds to A2-3-linked Sia, Novel H1N1 preferentially binds to A2-6-linked Sia. DAS181 was shown in these studies to remove both the A2-6-linked and A2-3-linked types found in human respiratory tissue. Most importantly, virus was suppressed by inactivation of the entry receptors by DAS181 treatment.
"DAS181 is a particularly important potential new broad-spectrum drug for influenza because as an entry blocker, it works by a mechanism of action different from all other antiviral drugs either on-market or in development," said John M. Nicholls, M.D., Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, the University of Hong Kong, one of the two corresponding authors on the publication. "Our study clearly shows DAS181's remarkable effectiveness in protecting fresh human tissue from infection by a highly lethal H5N1 strain. Though the world is currently coping with a pandemic caused by a much less virulent H1N1 strain, DAS181 has shown significant inactivation of both types of influenza receptors found in the human airways."
In the "Report To The President On U.S. Preparations For 2009-H1N1 Influenza" by the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) announced yesterday, it is recommended that "It will be important to develop new classes of drugs to expand the armamentarium. A particularly promising new approach is to develop drugs that block the virus by acting on a human cellular function ('host target'), rather than a viral protein ('pathogen target'), because such drugs should be less likely to encounter acquired resistance." DAS181 development takes this "promising new approach."
NexBio will be presenting data on DAS181 activity against Novel H1N1 and against seasonal influenza isolates from winter 2008-09 that are resistant to Tamiflu((R)) in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models at the upcoming Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) annual meeting in San Francisco, CA on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.
ABOUT NEXBIO
NexBio, Inc. is a privately held development-stage biopharmaceutical company located in San Diego. NexBio's mission is to save lives and to improve the quality of life by creating and commercializing novel, broad-spectrum biopharmaceuticals to prevent and treat current and emerging life-threatening diseases. DAS181 (Fludase((R))), a recombinant fusion protein, inactivates viral receptors on the cells of the human respiratory tract, thereby preventing and treating infection by influenza, including potential pandemic strains, and by parainfluenza viruses (which may cause serious respiratory illness similar to influenza and for which there is no approved vaccine or therapeutic). Unlike current antiviral compounds and vaccines, DAS181 targets human host receptors, not virus components, and thus carries a reduced risk of drug resistance compared with currently-available antiviral drugs. Extensive, prolonged nonclinical studies have not shown the development of any meaningful resistance. Viradin((TM)), invented and developed by NexBio, is a parenteral protein under development, currently at lead optimization stage, directed to the treatment of viral hemorrhagic fevers and bacterial biothreat sepsis. TOSAP((TM)) is a technology invented and developed by NexBio and is used to formulate DAS181 for inhalation, as well as to make nano/microparticles from virtually any type of molecule. TOSAP((TM)) is offered for the formulation of compounds of partners, under license.
DISCLOSURE NOTICE:
This release contains forward-looking information about the research and development program of NexBio and the potential efficacy of product candidates that might result from programs that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Such risks and uncertainties include, among other things, the uncertainties inherent in research and development activities; decisions by regulatory authorities regarding whether and when to permit the clinical investigation of or approve any drug applications that may result from the programs as well as their decisions regarding labeling and other matters that could affect the commercial potential of product candidates that may result from the program; and competitive developments.
Source: NexBio, Inc